17. M modeling: pyramids (algorithm version 2)#
17.1. Characteristics of the mesh#
The mesh of the M modeling takes the mesh of the L modeling by passing it into quadratic. It consists of hexahedra, tetrahedra, and pyramids. The crack illustrated in blue on the cross crosses part of the pyramids and the tetrahedra in their middle.
17.2. Tested features#
Friction is taken into account and the contact is active from the first iteration of active stresses. Unknown contact pressures are put at the nodes of the elements. The algorithm for restricting the space of Lagrange multipliers is No. 2. Here we test the pyramid elements in quadratic mode (PYRA13).
17.3. Tested sizes and results#
The value of the contact pressure is tested at the coordinate point \(P\) (10, 17.5).
Identification |
Reference |
% difference |
Point \(P\) |
|
|
17.4. Contact pressure curves#
Figure 17.4-1: Evolution of contact pressure along the Oy axis.
17.5. Comments#
The results of quadratic modeling are comparable to those of previous linear models. This modeling makes it possible to validate the use of quadratic pyramids with the X- FEM method and contact.