12. Summary of results

Multi-fiber beam models provide a solution within \(2.5\text{\%}\) of the analytical solution, for a very low calculation time, compared to pipe and shell models. The only approximation comes from the mesh size of the section.

As far as pipe and shell models are concerned, the conclusions are the same, but this time the difference with the analytical solution comes from this solution, which is valid for a beam with a very thin tubular cross section, with no ovalization effect. This ovalization is blocked at the ends, which makes it possible to obtain a solution within \(0.4\text{\%}\) of the analytical solution.