6. D modeling

6.1. Characteristics of modeling

2 TUYAU elements for the tubular section.

Simple traction:	(ECRO_NLréduit to linear work hardening)
Pure bending:	without work hardening

In addition, we block the degrees of freedom that correspond to mode 3 of ovalization: \(\mathrm{U03}\), \(\mathrm{V03}\), \(\mathrm{W03}\).

6.2. Characteristics of the mesh

2 elements TUYAU (METUSEG3)

6.3. Tested sizes and results

Nodal reactions are tested:

Identification	Node	Order Number	Reference Type	Reference Value	Tolerance
\(\mathrm{DX}\)	\(B\)	11	11	ANALYTIQUE	\(9.47152E+4\)	\(0.10\text{\%}\)
\(\mathrm{DX}\)	\(B\)	21	21	ANALYTIQUE	\(9.5653E+4\)	\(0.10\text{\%}\)
\(\mathrm{DRZ}\)	\(B\)	1	ANALYTIQUE		\(4.64217E+3\)	\(0.10\text{\%}\)
\(\mathrm{DRZ}\)	\(B\)	21	21	ANALYTIQUE	\(5.9106E+3\)	\(0.50\text{\%}\)

The deformations, the equivalent deformations and the equivalent stresses are tested respectively:

Size	Mesh	Node	Order Number	Reference Type	Reference Value	Tolerance
\(\mathrm{EPYY}\)	\(\mathrm{SC1}\)	\(\mathrm{C1}\)	1	1	NON_REGRESSION	\(-2.25E-4\)	\(0.01\text{\%}\)
\({\mathrm{INVA}}_{2}\)	\(\mathrm{SC1}\)	\(\mathrm{C1}\)	1	1	NON_REGRESSION	\(5.89491E-4\)	\(0.01\text{\%}\)
\(\mathrm{VMIS}\)	\(\mathrm{SC1}\)	\(\mathrm{C1}\)	1	1	NON_REGRESSION	\(0.0\)	\(0.10\text{\%}\)