8. F modeling#

8.1. Characteristics of modeling#

The modeling consists of 112 COQUE_3D elements for the tubular section, and 2 pipe elements to apply the boundary conditions. The length of the shell mesh is \(\mathrm{0.98m}\). The length of each pipe element is \(\mathrm{0.01m}\).

A COQUE_TUYAU connection is applied to each end of the shell mesh, with a pipe element. In addition, the degrees of freedom of the pipes that correspond to mode 3 of ovalization are blocked: \(\mathrm{U03}\), \(\mathrm{V03}\), \(\mathrm{W03}\)

Single pull:

(ECRO_LINE)

Pure bending:

without work hardening

8.2. Characteristics of the mesh#

112 QUAD9 stitches and 2 SEG3 stitches.

8.3. Tested sizes and results#

Traction:

\({\mathrm{DX}}_{(B)}\)

Order Number

Identification

Identification

Reference Type

Tolerance

\(2{\mathrm{DX}}^{e}\)

11

N

ANALYTIQUE

\(9.47E+04\)

\(1.10\text{\%}\)

\(3{\mathrm{DX}}^{e}\)

21

N

ANALYTIQUE

\(9.565E+04\)

\(1.10\text{\%}\)

Flexion:

\({\mathrm{DRZ}}_{(B)}\)

Order Number

Identification

Identification

Reference Type

Tolerance

\({\mathrm{DRZ}}^{e}\)

1

MFZ

ANALYTIQUE

\(4.642E+03\)

\(0.10\text{\%}\)

\(2.8{\mathrm{DRZ}}^{e}\)

19

MFZ

ANALYTIQUE

\(5.7824E+03\)

\(0.50\text{\%}\)