5. C modeling

5.1. Characteristics of modeling

We use a AXIS model (linear elements).

The discrete contact formulation is used (active stress method).

Here we use the GLISSIERE function, which makes it possible to maintain contact throughout the extrusion, mathematically. The result is physically similar to modeling without a slide, since it is a frictionless extrusion.

5.2. Characteristics of the mesh

Number of knots: 333

Number of meshes: 510 TRIA3 and 152 SEG2

Number of nodes in contact: 20

5.3. Tested sizes and results

The following displacement \(Y\) of the point \(K\) of the piece of paper with respect to the surface \(\mathrm{ABCDEFG}\) of the die is tested.

Identification	Reference type	Reference value	Tolerance
Point \(K\)/Point \(B\) - \(\mathrm{DY}\)	“ANALYTIQUE”	5.0000	0.1%
Point \(K\)/Point \(F\) - \(\mathrm{DY}\)	“NON_REGRESSION”	144.2240	0.1%

5.4. notes

The calculation is carried out by imposing a displacement on the back side of the block \(\text{(MN)}\). The displacement is imposed in the following way:

from	\(\mathrm{0.mm}\) to	\(\mathrm{5.mm}\) in 5 steps
from	\(\mathrm{5.mm}\) to	\(\mathrm{20.mm}\) in 5 steps
from	\(\mathrm{20.mm}\) to	\(\mathrm{50.mm}\) in 5 steps
from	\(\mathrm{50.mm}\) to	\(\mathrm{70.mm}\) in 5 steps
from	\(\mathrm{70.mm}\) to	\(\mathrm{140.mm}\) in 5 steps

The calculations do not converge with the default keywords used for convergence in STAT_NON_LINE, because the default value of RESI_GLOB_RELA = 1.E-6 is too restrictive (the forces to which the piece is subjected are initially relatively weak). To overcome this problem, use the keyword RESI_GLOB_MAXI = 1.E-6.