1. Reference problem#
1.1. Geometry#
The geometry studied is that of the T5 structure from program SAFE [bib1]. The geometric characteristics of the reinforced concrete parts are illustrated by the []. They are composed of a veil and two return walls (or splits). The structure is also equipped with attached metal parts necessary for placing it under load. These parts will not be modelled in this study.
Figure 1.1-a : Geometry of the T5 model-
Figure 1.1-b : Reinforcement illustration
The reinforcement of the model is composed of horizontal and vertical reinforcement sheets placed on each of both faces of the central wall, as well as in the returns []. In both horizontal and vertical directions, the reinforcement rates \({r}_{h}\) and \({r}_{v}\) (quantity of reinforcement per linear meter of the web) are identical and equal to \(\text{0,8\%}\), i.e.:
\(\frac{{S}_{\mathrm{armatures}\mathrm{horizontales}}}{\mathrm{ml}(\mathrm{vertical})}={r}_{h}e=\frac{\mathrm{0,8}}{100}\mathrm{.}20\mathrm{cm}=16{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}/\mathrm{ml}\)
\(\frac{{S}_{\mathrm{armatures}\mathrm{verticales}}}{\mathrm{ml}(\mathrm{horizontale})}={r}_{v}e=\frac{\mathrm{0,8}}{100}\mathrm{.}20\mathrm{cm}=16{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}/\mathrm{ml}\)
And this for all of the two tablecloths facing North and South.
That is, \(8\mathit{cm²}/\mathit{ml}\) per sheet and by direction (horizontal and vertical, or \(\mathrm{2x8}=16\mathit{cm²}/\mathit{ml}\)).
1.2. Material properties#
The behavior of concrete is modelled via the damageable elasto-plastic behavior ENDO_ISOT_BETON [bib2]. The material properties of concrete are summarized [].
Young’s module |
\({E}_{b}\) |
E |
\(32308\mathit{MPa}\) |
Poisson’s ratio |
\({\nu }_{b}\) |
NU |
\(\mathrm{0,2}\) |
Density |
\({\rho }_{b}\) |
|
|
Tensile stress limit |
\({\sigma }_{t}\) |
|
|
Compressive stress |
\({\sigma }_{c}\) |
|
|
Slope of the post-peak curve under traction |
D_ SIGM_EPSI |
|
Table 1.2-1 : Properties of the concrete model
The concrete parts are reinforced by steel reinforcements modelled by GRILLE_MEMBRANE [bib3]. Steel has elastoplastic behavior with GRILLE_ISOT_LINE linear isotropic work hardening. The material properties of steels are summarized in table [].
Young’s module |
\({E}_{a}\) |
E |
200,000 MPa |
|
Poisson’s ratio |
\({\nu }_{a}\) |
NU |
0.3 |
|
Density |
\({\rho }_{a}\) |
|
7,800 kg/m3 |
|
Plasticization limit stress |
\({\sigma }_{y}\) |
SY |
570 MPa |
|
Work hardening slope |
D_ SIGM_EPSI |
300 MPa |
Table 1.2-2 : Properties of the steel model
1.3. Boundary conditions and loads#
Link to the base:
The connection of the model with the low sill was considered sufficiently stiff for it to be modelled by perfect anchoring. Thus, all the nodes in the base of the model are locked according to all degrees of freedom.
High sill movements:
The purpose of the high sill is to keep the upper edge of the wall horizontal by preventing rotations around the \(Y\) axis.
Charging:
The loads taken into account are the own weight of the structure as well as an imposed displacement at the top of the structure.
1.4. Initial conditions#
Not applicable