2. Preliminary note

In Code_Aster, two types of modeling exist to describe prestress.

The first method is suitable for describing**adherent prestression*. In this case, the prestress cables are represented by \(1D\) elements with BARRE modeling. Prestress can be applied easily via operators DEFI_CABLE_BP and AFFE_CHAR_MECA, which make it possible to estimate the variable initial tension profile (N) along the cable according to regulatory formulas (BPEL or ETCC) and to transform it into a load.

The second method (less proven) is suitable for describing**non-adherent prestress* (typically TGG). In this case, the prestress cables are represented by \(\mathrm{1D}\) elements with CABLE_GAINE modeling. Cable tension is achieved by simulating the cable tension process via operator CALC_PRECONT, assuming that the cables slide with Coulomb’s law-like friction.