Reference problem
=====================


Geometry of the problem
---------------------

It is a block with height :math:`\mathit{LZ}=10m`, length :math:`\mathit{LX}=10m`, and width :math:`\mathit{LY}=2m`. This block has two cohesive interface discontinuities (non-meshed interface introduced into the model in the form of a level curve (level-set) using the operator DEFI_FISS_XFEM). The first is identified by the normal level-set of equation :math:`{\mathit{lsn}}_{1}=Z-\mathrm{0.5X}-0.2` and crosses the entire block in the horizontal direction. The second interface is identified by the normal level-set from equation :math:`{\mathit{lsn}}_{2}=Z+\mathrm{0.5X}+0.2`. It connects to the lower lip of the first interface. So the second interface only exists in the part of the block such as :math:`{\mathit{lsn}}_{1}<0`. The junction curve between the two interfaces verifies :math:`{\mathit{lsn}}_{1}={\mathit{lsn}}_{2}=0` and has the equation :math:`\{\begin{array}{c}X=-0.4\\ Z=0\end{array}`. The domain is thus divided into 3 blocks, a lower block, an upper block and an intermediate block located between the two interfaces. Points :math:`A(\mathrm{6,}\mathrm{0,}5.7)`, :math:`A\text{'}(\mathrm{6,}\mathrm{2,}5.7)` :math:`B(\mathrm{6,}\mathrm{0,}\mathrm{4,3})`, :math:`B\text{'}(\mathrm{6,}\mathrm{2,}4.3)`, :math:`C(\mathrm{4,}\mathrm{0,}4.7)` and :math:`C\text{'}(\mathrm{4,}\mathrm{2,}4.7)` will be used for the evaluation of the quantities tested.

The geometry of the block is represented in the figure.

**Figure** 1.1-a **: Problem geometry**


.. image:: images/10000000000002EA00000231DF94A6FD79C78FA0.jpg
    :width: 5.3083in
    :height: 3.9917in


.. _RefImage_10000000000002EA00000231DF94A6FD79C78FA0.jpg:


Material properties
------------------------

The parameters given in the Table correspond to the parameters used for modeling in the hydro-mechanical coupled case. The coupling law used is' LIQU_SATU '. The cohesive model type is' MORTAR 'and the cohesive law used is' CZM_LIN_MIX '


.. csv-table::

    "", "", ""
    "Liquid (water)", "Viscosity :math:`{\mu }_{w}(\mathit{en}\mathit{Pa.s})`
    Compressibility module :math:`\frac{1}{{K}_{w}}(\mathit{en}{\mathit{Pa}}^{\text{-1}})`
    Liquid density :math:`{\rho }_{w}(\mathit{en}\mathit{kg}\mathrm{/}{m}^{3})` "," :math:`{10}^{\text{-3}}`
    :math:`{5.10}^{\text{-10}}`
    :math:`1`"
    "Elastic parameters", "Young's modulus :math:`E(\mathit{en}\mathit{MPa})`
    Poisson's Ratio :math:`\nu`
    Thermal expansion coefficient :math:`\alpha (\mathit{en}{K}^{\text{-1}})` "," :math:`5800`
    :math:`0.2`
    :math:`0`"
    "Coupling parameters", "Biot coefficient :math:`b`
    Initial homogenized density :math:`{r}_{0}(\mathit{en}\mathit{kg}\mathrm{/}{m}^{3})`
    Intrinsic permeability :math:`{K}^{\text{int}}(\mathit{en}{m}^{2})` "," :math:`1`
    :math:`\mathrm{2,5}`
    :math:`{\mathrm{1,01937}}^{\text{-19}}`"
    "Parameters of the cohesive law", "Critical constraint :math:`{\mathrm{\sigma }}_{c}(\mathit{en}\mathit{MPa})`
    Cohesive energy :math:`{G}_{c}(\mathit{en}\mathit{Pa}\mathrm{.}m)`
    Increase coefficient :math:`r` "," :math:`0.5`
    :math:`900`
    :math:`10`"


**Table** 1.2-1 **: Material Properties**

On the other hand, the forces associated with gravity (in the equation for the conservation of momentum) are neglected. The reference pore pressure is taken to be zero :math:`{p}_{1}^{\text{ref}}=0\mathit{MPa}` and the porosity of the material is :math:`\varphi =\mathrm{0,15}`.


Boundary conditions and loads
-------------------------------------

*2D case*

The Dirichlet conditions that are applied are:


* the movements following :math:`x` are blocked in on the right edge and imposed equal to :math:`U={10}^{-4}m` on the left edge of the domain,


* the movements following :math:`y` are blocked on the lower side and imposed equal to :math:`-U=-{10}^{-4}m` on the upper edge of the domain.

*3D case*

The Dirichlet conditions that are applied are:


* the movements following :math:`x` are blocked in on the right edge and imposed equal to :math:`U={10}^{-4}m` on the left edge of the domain,


* the movements following :math:`z` are blocked on the lower side and imposed equal to :math:`-U=-{10}^{-4}m` on the upper edge of the domain,


* the movements following :math:`y` are blocked throughout the domain.