Benchmark solution
====

Calculation method used for the reference solution
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The reference solution is obtained numerically, so these are only non-regression tests.


Results of the various models:
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Static calculation
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The values tested are:


*   for pressure loading (models A and C), the displacement at the top outlet from the elbow to the mean surface (as in the figure below in white, DX at -4.52e-4 m)


*   for thermo-mechanical loading (modeling A), the temperature in the inner wall at the foot of the tube (70°C) as well as the maximum Von Mises stress of the order of 200 MPa.


.. image:: images/100002010000020A000001DADA2834DBE02BB224.png
    :width: 3.1492in
    :height: 2.8583in


.. _RefImage_100002010000020A000001DADA2834DBE02BB224.png:


Dynamic calculation
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The values tested are:


*   For 3D modeling (B modeling), the first natural frequency of the order of 9Hz and the displacement component DYdu point P at the end of the pipe at the mean surface (as in the figure below in white) of the order of -0.128 m at the time 1 s.


*   for 1D modeling (D modeling), the equivalent stresses at the foot of the tube.


.. image:: images/100002010000030D000002373A388C39475C0687.png
    :width: 3.1492in
    :height: 2.2835in


.. _RefImage_100002010000030D000002373A388C39475C0687.png: