B modeling ============== In this modeling, for pressure loading, loading is applied using a constant distributed pressure for load No. 1, and a distributed pressure based on :math:`y` for load No. 2. In this modeling, for line force loading, loading is applied using constant line forces for load 1, and linear forces that are functions of :math:`y` for load 2. Characteristics of the mesh ---------------------------- In 2D, the structure is meshed with quadrangles with 4 nodes. The number of elements is as small as possible, i.e. 2 elements along the :math:`\mathrm{Ox}` axis (in order to be able to define the nodes in the middle plane at :math:`x=\mathrm{LX}/2`), 5 elements along the :math:`\mathrm{Oy}` axis. Along the :math:`\mathrm{Oy}` axis, the number of elements is odd so that the interface does not coincide with the faces of the elements; the 3 layers of central elements use X- FEM elements, and the 2 layers of elements at the top and bottom use conventional elements. .. image:: images/Object_14.svg :width: 210 :height: 189 .. _RefImage_Object_14.svg: **Figure** 3.1-1 **: 2D mesh** Tested features ----------------------- The PRES_REP keyword of the AFFE_CHAR_MECA [:ref:`U4.44.01 `] operator makes it possible to apply a constant distributed pressure to skin elements. When pressure is a function or a formula, we use the PRES_REP keyword from AFFE_CHAR_MECA_F [:ref:`U4.44.01 `]). This feature is tested with load #2. Indeed, with X- FEM, you cannot define an upper and lower lateral edge as a group of elements. In the present case, a single group of elements comprising all the 1D lateral cells is defined, and a pressure that is a function of :math:`y` is applied to this group of elements. The FORCE_CONTOUR keyword of the AFFE_CHAR_MECA [:ref:`U4.44.01 `] operator makes it possible to apply a constant linear force to skin elements. When linear force is a function or a formula, we use the FORCE_CONTOUR keyword from AFFE_CHAR_MECA_F [:ref:`U4.44.01 `]). Tested sizes and results ------------------------------ For each lateral face of the structure (:math:`x=0` and :math:`x=\mathrm{LX}`), we test the movements of the nodes located just above and just below the level set. Compression loading (pressure loading) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. csv-table:: "**Identification**", "**Reference**" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just below the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just above the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just below the interface", "-10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just above the interface", "-10-6" Compression loading/traction (pressure loading) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. csv-table:: "**Identification**", "**Reference**" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just below the interface", "-10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just above the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just below the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just above the interface", "-10-6" Compression loading (surface force loading) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. csv-table:: "**Identification**", "**Reference**" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just below the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just above the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just below the interface", "-10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just above the interface", "-10-6" Compression/tensile loading (surface force loading) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. csv-table:: "**Identification**", "**Reference**" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just below the interface", "-10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the left surface located just above the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just below the interface", "10-6" ":math:`\mathrm{DX}` for all nodes on the right surface located just above the interface", "-10-6" To test all the nodes at once, we test the minimum and the maximum of the column.