1. Reference problem#

The radius of curvature of the elbow is: \({R}_{c}=\mathrm{1.25m}\)

The tubular section has an average radius \(R=\mathrm{395.5mm}\) and a thickness \(e=\mathrm{77mm}\).

1.1. Material properties#

The material is elastoplastic with isotropic linear work hardening.

\(E=2.E11\mathrm{Pa}\)

\(\nu =0.3\)

Elasticity limit \(\mathrm{SIGY}={200.10}^{6}\mathrm{Pa}\)

Work hardening module \(D-\mathrm{SIGM}-\mathrm{EPSI}={2.10}^{10}\mathrm{Pa}\)

Embedding in \(A\) (corresponding to the pipe section named \(\mathrm{CERCLE1}\)).

Moment \(\mathrm{MZ}\) imposed in \(D\) (corresponding to \(\mathrm{CERCLE2}\)) increasing until:

Increment 1

\(\mathrm{Mz}=308670215.2\mathrm{Nm}\)

In the case of the calculation with large displacements, \(\mathrm{Mz}\) is reached in 10 equal increments

Not applicable.