2. Reference solution

It’s a code-code comparison. The reference used is the Castem2000 code (version 2001). The results were obtained by LGCNSN (École Centrale de Nantes) with the same material parameters and the same time discretization. Unlike the calculation performed with Code_Aster, the Castem calculation was carried out in \(\mathrm{2D}\) under the assumption of plane constraints.

2.1. Bibliographical references

Willam K., Pramono E., and Sture S. - Fundamental Issues of Smeared Crack Models, Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Fracture and Concrete and Rock, Huston Texas, 1987, pp 17-19

CR-99-232, Evaluation tests on models of non-linear behaviour of cracking concrete using three dimensional modelling, Benchmark EDF /R&D Division — S. Ghavamian