Reference problem ===================== Geometry --------- .. image:: images/1000050A00000E0E00000BFD3AE61FF5E250652D.svg :width: 181 :height: 154 .. _RefImage_1000050A00000E0E00000BFD3AE61FF5E250652D.svg: It is a thin sphere, with an average radius :math:`{R}_{m}=2.5m`, and a thickness of :math:`t=0.1m`. Material properties ------------------------ The material is homogeneous, isotropic, and linear elastic. The elastic coefficients are: :math:`E=\mathrm{200 000 }\mathrm{MPa}` and :math:`\nu =0.3`. The density is constant and is equal to: :math:`\rho =7800\mathrm{kg}/{m}^{3}`. Boundary conditions and loads ------------------------------------- The structure is free in space.