1. References (IMPORTANT)#

In this part, we give the references cited in this document but also other references that could be used by the engineer during a numerical simulation of welding.

References cited

    1. BOIS: Thermal simulation of multi-pass welding by pulsed TIG process of stainless steel pipes. Note FRAMATOME EER DC 1509

    1. DESROCHES: Numerical simulation of a 13-pass pipe welding test. Note EDF DER HI-75/00/016/A

    1. DEPRADEUX: Numerical simulation of welding, 316L steel, Validation on test cases of increasing complexity, Thesis INSA, Note INSA n°201/1AB/010, 11/03/04.

    1. CANO: « Numerical simulation of a TIG welding operation on a chamfered plate made of 316L material in two passes (Model 2425) »; Internal note EDF /R &D, H-T64-2008-04060-FR, H-T64-2008-04060-FR, Published during 2009.

    1. DEPRADEUX & V. CANO: « Validation package for*Code_Aster* on numerical welding simulation: Summary document », Internal Note EDF H-64-2007-00926, 27/09/07.

    1. EL- AHMAR: « Robustness of the numerical simulation of TIG welding of 3D 316L Steel structures, Thesis INSA 2007

References not quoted

  • Test cases Code_Aster: we give all the Code_Aster test cases that implement Code_Aster commands useful in the context of numerical welding simulation.

    • Metallurgical transformation (order CALC_META): V4.61.100, V4.61.102 and V4.61.103

    • Models of mechanical behavior with the effects of structural transformations (keyword META_XXX_XXX to be filled in under STAT_NON_LINE): V7.20.104, V7.22.101, V7.22.102, V7.22.103-B, V7.22.104, V7.104, V7.22.104, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105, V7.22.105

    • Methodology: V7.42.100 (sheet 3488, tube).

    The various command files (models A to G) associated with the study on plate 2425 are stored in the*Code_Aster study database (SERVICE/BDD Etudes). Modeling A is the 3D thermal calculation that is almost stationary in a moving coordinate system. The B, C and D models are 3D transient thermal simulations with different methods of deactivating metal not yet deposited, by assigning almost zero conductivity (A), by nested thermal models (B), and finally, by splitting the nodes and gluing the nodes back together at the interface (D). The E, F and G models are mechanical simulations of the two passes, with different Von Mises behavior laws with linear work hardening: isotropic (E), kinematic (F) or mixed (G).

  • Sheet 3488 (tests and simulations on a chamfered 316L pipe, welded in 13 passes by the TIG process)

      1. WAECKEL: Summary of the thermal models of a welding operation carried out in the cooperative sheet 3449. Note EDF DER HI-74/95/028/0

      1. WAECKEL, L. BIRONNEAU: Mechanical simulations of a multi-pass welding operation on a self-clamped plate. Note EDF DER HI-74/96/006/0

      1. DEVAUX: Tripartite sheet 3488. Numerical simulation of welding. Thermo-mechanical calculations for passes 1 to 5. Note FRAMATOME LL/99.4564

      1. DESROCHES, A. RAZAKANAIVO, C. BOIS, Ph. GILLES, Ph., J., J. KICHENIN, Y. LEJAIL: Synthesis of the FC3488: « Multipass welding simulation: experimental validation ». Technical Note CEA DER/SERI//LCS /01/4027

  • Sheet 2425 (tests and simulation on a chamfered 316L plate, welded in 2 passes by the TIG process)

      1. AYRAULT, O. BLANCHOT: « Instrumented multi-pass welding models. Experimental database for the validation of calculations », Final report of sheet 2425 CEA DECS/UTA /02-RT-07, October 25, 2002

  • Program INZAT on disk in 16 MND5 heated by a laser (thermo-metallo-mechanical tests and simulations)

      1. VINCENT: « Consequences of structural transformations in the thermally affected zone. Validation on analytical tests — Steel 16 MND5 », Thesis INSA, Note INSA 201/1AB/005, 09/04/02.

  • Independent validation of numerical welding simulation tools in Code_Aster. These two notes can be found on the Code_Aster site (Presentation/Quality Approach/Independent and complementary validation actions, Welding item)

    L. DEPRADEUX & V. CANO: « Validation package for numerical welding simulation with*Code_Aster: summary of analyzed documents », Internal Note EDF H-64-2007-00942, 27/09/0942, 27/09/07

    (with reference) L. DEPRADEUX & V. CANO: « Validation package for*Code_Aster on numerical welding simulation: Summary document », Internal Note EDF H-64-2007-00926, 27/09/07.

  • Material data

    • Materials16 MND5, Lonconel 600 and 182 and 308L steel, Ph. DUPAS & F. WAECKEL: « Bibliographic compendium of thermo-mechanical characteristics for tank steel, stainless coatings and 600 and 182 alloys », Internal Note EDF - 182 and 600L alloys », Internal Note - DER HI-74/93/097 and HT-26/93/058/A, 17/01/94

    • Material 316L, A. RAZAKAINAVO: « Introduction in*Code_Aster* of an elasto-viscoplastic behavior model taking into account metallurgical transformations », Internal Note EDF HI-74/97/020/0

    • Material 316L, V. CANO: « Bibliographical compendium of thermomechanical characteristics of 316L stainless steel », Internal Note EDF HT-64/05/021/A, 09/021/A, 09/05

    • Material 16 MND5, V. CANO: « Identification of 16 MND5 material parameters associated with thermal, metallurgical and mechanical models », Internal Note EDF /R &D H-T64-2008-03224, Published in 2009.