Validation ========== The validation of the new element is carried out in 3 steps. First, we compare the results obtained on test cases with analytical solutions (essentially plans), then on academic test cases (3D) and finally on experimental results. Analytical case tests --------------------- Buckle beam (SSNL502) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This test represents a calculation of the stability of a console beam subjected to a compression force at one end. It makes it possible to validate the modeling in the non-linear semi-static domain in large displacements and in the presence of instability (Euler buckling). Cantilever plate subjected to a moment (SSNV138) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This test is the quasi-static calculation of an elastic plate embedded on one side and subjected to a moment of bending on the other side, leading to large displacements in the plane. Balance in deformed configuration of a multi-fiber beam (SSLL109) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This test represents an equilibrium calculation in the deformed configuration of a multi-fiber beam. This test validates option RIGI_GEOM =' OUI '. Academic case tests --------------------- Large movements of the arc at a 45° opening angle (SSNL136) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In this test, we study a plane arc with a 45° opening embedded at one end and subjected to a bending force perpendicular to its plane at the other end. This test, which is very severe, makes it possible to validate the multi-fiber beam element in the non-linear geometric domain of large displacements and large rotations. Spilling a squared blade (SSNL133) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ An L-shaped structure composed of two slender beams with a thin rectangular cross section is subjected to force at one end and is embedded at the other end. The field of the test is that of nonlinear elastic mechanics in large displacements and rotations, with instability such as beam overturning. Elasto-plastic ruin of Lee's gantry (SSNL134) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The aim of this test is to simultaneously validate the non-linear material and geometric possibilities of the multi-fiber beam element. The element is implemented on a test case commonly treated in the literature with regard to elastic behavior because it presents a complex response with *snap-back* and *snap-through:* it is Lee's gantry. Here, an elasto-plastic behavior of the gantry is assumed, which makes it possible to test the good integration of the law of behavior of multi-fiber elements but also the correct treatment of large displacements. Experimental validation ------------------------ The MEKELEC console (SSNL135) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ MEKELEC refers to a structure built in 1991 from a P4T pylon console. The dimensions and profiles used were adapted to the carrying out of tests. At the time, we wanted to establish a base of accurate experimental results in order to validate the results of the simulations. Validation consists in comparing the experimental and numerical ruin loads of 3 loading cases.